Nematicidal Potential of some Natural Botanical Extracts in Biocontrolling Meloidogyne javanica on Soybean under Laboratory and Greenhouse Conditions
Sahar
Abdel-Basat
Plants Pathol. Res. Inst., ARC, Giza, Egypt
author
Montaser
Abdel-Monaim
Plants Pathol. Res. Inst., ARC, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
The nematicidal potential of certain plant part extracts against Meloidogyne javanica was determined under in vitro and in vivo experiments. Three different solvents were used in the preparation of the tested extracts including water, ethyl alcohol and acetone. The extracted plants included Eugenia jambolana (leaves), Punica granatum (Peels)and Camellia sinensis (Leaves). Results showed that ethyl alcohol peel extract of E. jambolana, and P. granatum completely inhibited the egg hatching of M. javanica while, ethyl alcohol leaf extract of C. sinensis inhibited the egg hatching by 60%. Nematode juveniles j2 mortality gradually increased as the exposure time increased from 24 to 48 hours. Under greenhouse conditions, organic solvent extracts of all the tested plants were more effective in suppressing the nematode reproduction compared to the aqueous extracts. The ethyl alcohol leaf extract of E. jambolana completely suppressed the gall formation by M. javanica on soybean roots as well as number of egg-masses/plant, and the number of J2s in soil. Ethyl alcohol peel extract of P. granatum showed the greatest nematicidal effects against M. javanica, while its aqueous extract was the least effective. The plants treated with the ethyl alcohol leaf extract of E. jambolana, showed the highest increase in the plant growth parameters viz., shoot weight, and length as well as root weight and length compared to the control treatment. Chemical analysis of leaf extract of E. jambolana by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that it contained thirty-three bioactive compounds, including, flavonoids, antioxidant, oxygenated hydrocarbons, unsaturated fatty acids, sterile, fatty acid ester, triterpene, and others. All plant extracts increased the activities of defense-related enzymes, including peroxidase, catalase, chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase enzymes as well as, the total phenol contents in soybean plants infected with M. javanica under greenhouse conditions.
Egyptian Journal of Agronematology
Egyptian Society for Agronematology
1110-6158
19
v.
1
no.
2020
1
18
https://ejaj.journals.ekb.eg/article_105859_997da5f9535e5d3b2674c6f2fc81a5e4.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejaj.2020.105859
First Report of Mesocriconema sphaerocephalum (Taylor, 1936) Loof, 1989 Associated with Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum) in Egypt
Zafar
Handoo
Mycol. and Nematol. Genetic Diversity and Biol. Lab., USDA, ARS, Northeast Area, Beltsville Agric.Res. Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
author
Mihail
Kantor
Mycol. and Nematol. Genetic Diversity and Biol. Lab., USDA, ARS, Northeast Area, Beltsville Agric.Res. Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
author
Mostafa
Hammam
Plant Pathology Dept., National Research Centre, EI-Behooth St., Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt.
author
Moawad
Mohamed
Plant Pathology Dept., National Research Centre, EI-Behooth St., Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt.
author
Mahfouz
Abdel Gawad
Plant Pathology Dept., National Research Centre, EI-Behooth St., Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2020
eng
Ring nematodes of the genus, Mesocriconema are a group of polyphagous, migratory root-ectoparasites of plants. In a nematological survey of three governorates in Egypt, Mesocriconema sphaerocephalum (Taylor 1936) Loof 1989 was isolated from the rhizosphere of soil samples in five bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fields, as a new host record, at Badr Centre, El-Beheira governorate. Mesocriconema sphaerocephalum specimens were extracted from 5 out of 45 (11.1%) soil samples with a population density up to 23 individuals/250 g soil. Morphological and morphometrical analysis of females and juveniles were used for species identification. This species has been previously reported from Egypt on other hosts. Nevertheless, this is the first report of M. sphaerocephalum associated with pepper plants. Additional information on the distribution, importance, and status of this phytoparasite is presented.
Egyptian Journal of Agronematology
Egyptian Society for Agronematology
1110-6158
19
v.
1
no.
2020
19
28
https://ejaj.journals.ekb.eg/article_105860_d483e5d26f17b2d5d462d769b09d301e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejaj.2020.105860
First Report of Root-lesion Nematode, Pratylenchus on New Host, Deverra tortuosa, in Mersa Matruh Coast, Egypt- A Pilot Study
Ahmed
El-Nuby
Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center
author
text
article
2020
eng
Nematode survey was carried out in 2019 on wild plants viz., Aeluropus lagopoides (Molleih), Ammophila arenaria (Gazzoof), Cakile maritime (Figl el-gamal), Deverra tortuosa (guezah), Euphorbia paralias (Sakrran), Inula crithmeides (Golden samphire), Lotus polyphyllus (Qam el- gamal or Qrana), Ononis vaginalis (Hotaiba), Pancratium maritimum (Bosseil), Polygonum equisetiforme (Horsetail knotweed), Thymelaea hirsute (Mithnaan), and Zygophyllum album (Ratrayt), colonized the coastal sand dunes habitat of mersa matruh, Egypt. specimens of root-lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) were collected from rhizosphere soil of D. tortuosa Synonym: Pituranthos tortuosus (Desf.) Benth. & Hook f. Asch. & Schweinf herb (family: Apiaceae, old family: Umbelliferae). Root-lesion nematode was identified based on morphological characteristics of females. According to available literature, this is the first report of Pratylenchus on wild plant (D. tortuosa) growing in Egypt. More surveys are needed to identify other genera or species of phytonematodes that might occur in Egypt, including weeds, grasses and wild plants in desert areas, also the dissemination of lesion nematode must be explored as well as other plant-parasitic nematodes and it is advisable to investigate the nearby cultivated plants.
Egyptian Journal of Agronematology
Egyptian Society for Agronematology
1110-6158
19
v.
1
no.
2020
29
34
https://ejaj.journals.ekb.eg/article_107480_9f943cacd387dc489354849204927375.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejaj.2020.107480