ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Some Sugarbeet Varieties for Their Susceptibility to Root- knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, According to Modified Host Parasite Index (MHPI) Scale
The host suitability of the ten sugarbeet varieties of monogerm (i.e., Estaban,Francescan, Sander, Sible and Univers) and multigerm (i.e., Heba, Lilly, Mammut,Mirados and Oscarpoly) to M. incognita infection was conducted undergreenhouses condition. Results revealed that all yield characters (root, top andsugar yields) and quality characters, (sucrose, total soluble solids and purity %) ofsuch screened sugarbeet variety were obviously diminished by M. incognitainfection to great extort. The degree of susceptibility/ resistance of these sugarbeetvarieties evaluated according to modified host parasite index (MHPI) scale whichwas used as a new and suitable scale (special technique) to assess host(sugarbeet plant) reaction. The MHPI is calculated by dividing a gross average ofreduction percentages in all yield and quality characters by the susceptibility rate. Itcould be ranked as standardization of host suitability technique and reporting ofresistance of sugarbeet to root- knot nematodes. On this basis, the screenedsugarbeet varieties are categorized into three groups, two varieties are as toleranthost (Heba and Sible), four as low susceptible (Estaban, Lilly, Mirador and Sandor)and four as moderately susceptible (Francescan, Mammut, Oscarpoly and Univers)against root- knot nematode, M. incognita. So, they could be Heba (as multigerm)and Sible (as monogerm) varieties recommended as excellent commercial varietiesin Egypt, and could be introduced in integrated pest management (IPM) forcontrolling root-knot nematodes.
https://ejaj.journals.ekb.eg/article_53858_1b9507e8c2600e20b50caa7fe2747b12.pdf
2018-01-01
1
12
10.21608/ejaj.2018.53858
damage index
host parasite
Meloidogyne incognita
root- knot nematodes
resistance
sugarbeet varieties
susceptibility and susceptibility rate
M.
Maareg
1
Department of Plant Protection, Sugar Crops, Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
El-Gindi
2
Department of Agriculture Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mona
El-Shalaby
3
Department of Agriculture Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Abeer
Yassin
4
Department of Plant Protection, Sugar Crops, Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Deficit Irrigation Effects on Sugarbeet Productivity and Control of Root- knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita Infection
Water shortages have increased growers interest to investigate the effects ofdeficit irrigation (DI) levels, i.e. 25, 50 and 75% of irrigation water requirement (IWR)compared with the full irrigation level (100 % of IWR) on sugarbeet productivity andon final population size (pf) and reproduction factor (RF) of root – knot nematode,Meloidogyne incognita, as well as on water use efficiency (WUE) at the end ofgrowing season, under greenhouse conditions. Results showed that DI at the levelsof 25, 50, and 75% of IWR decreased significantly yield characters (root and grosssugar yields) and sugar percent of sugarbeet, and increased WUE compared to fullirrigation level (100%) treatment, without significant difference between 75 and100% DI levels in root yield. The yield characters were greatly reductions at DIlevels of 25 and 50% of IWR. Among the irrigation levels treatments, WUE waslowest in the 100% irrigation level and highest in the 25% irrigation level. Also, theresults indicated that the pf and RF were significantly lower at irrigation levels of 25,50, and 75% than 100% level. The 75% irrigation level caused minor reductions inroot yield, gross sugar yield and sugar percent, but significantly reduced nematodeinfection (pf and RF) compared to 100% irrigation level. Thus, deficit irrigation tolevel of 75% of IWR can be utilized to the management of root- knot nematode, M.incognita infection without significant reduction in sugarbeet yields.
https://ejaj.journals.ekb.eg/article_53862_1397ca843811da89b964211252bb2767.pdf
2018-01-01
13
24
10.21608/ejaj.2018.53862
Deficit Irrigation
M. incognita
root– knot nematode
sugarbeet
water irrigation level
water use efficiency
yields
M.
Maareg
1
Department of Plant Protection, Sugar Crops, Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
El-Gindi
2
Department of Agriculture Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
K.
Agami
3
Department of Plant Protection, Sugar Crops, Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
I.
Gohar
4
Department of Plant Protection, Sugar Crops, Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Suppression of the Root-Knot Nematode,Meloidogyne incognita in Tomato Plants by Application of Certain Entomopathogenic Nematode Species Under Greenhouse Conditions
The suppressive effects of six species of entomopathogenic nematodes(EPNs) against Meloidogyne incognita infected tomato were assessed in twoseparate trials under greenhouse conditions. The tested EPN species wereHeterorhabditis bacteriophora, H. megidis, H. zealandica, Steinernema feltiae, S.glaseri and S. riobravae. In the first trial, EPNs were applied as a liquid suspensionof alive or dead infective juveniles (IJs) at rate of 5000 IJs/plant in sandy and claysoils, while in the second trial, two Galleria mellonella infected cadavers of six-dayold per plant were used in sandy soil. In the two experiments, application of EPNswas accomplished simultaneously with inoculation of M. incognita. Carbofuran as astandard synthetic nematicide was used as comparison treatment at recommendedrate of 0.2 g/plant. Control treatments received only water and M. incognita at rateof1000 IJs/plant.Two months after inoculation, galling (as indicated by number of galls/plant)and reproduction (as indicated by number of egg masses /plant) as well as damage(as indicated by fresh and dry weight of areal parts) were assessed. Data showedthat, treatment of carbofuran surpassed all other treatments in minifying galling andreproduction of M. incognita in sandy and clay soils. On the other hand, curativeapplications of alive or heat-killed IJs significantly (P≤ 0.05) diminished gallformation and egg mass production in tomato roots with slightly amelioration infresh and dry weight of tomato shoot. Steinernematid species were morecomparatively effective than heterorhabditid ones. General means for number ofgalls and egg masses for steinernematid species were 52.50 and 25.33 withpercent reduction of 55.45 and 64.49 %, respectively. Whereas, the parallel valuesfor heterorhabditid species were 69.67 and 36.33 with percent reduction of 40.88and 49.07%, respectively compared to treatment of M. incognita alone. Treatmentsof alive IJs overwhelmed those of dead IJs in decreasing number of galls (withpercent reduction of 56.53 and 39.79% respectively) and egg masses (with percentreduction of 63.16 and 50.39%, successively). Moreover, utilization of two G.mellonella infected cadavers markedly lowered number of galls and egg masses and insignificantly (P≤ 0.05) improved plant growth parameters to certain extent. General means of percentage reduction in galls and egg masses were 58.46 and 54.74%, consecutively.
https://ejaj.journals.ekb.eg/article_53864_66966f358432780980e980dca1cdeb85.pdf
2018-01-01
25
42
10.21608/ejaj.2018.53864
Entomopathogenic nematodes
Heterorhabditis spp
Steinernema spp
Meloidogyne incognita
Tomato
biological control
carbofuran
R.
El-Ashry
1
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
AUTHOR
A.
Eldeeb
2
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
AUTHOR
A.
El-Marzoky
3
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
AUTHOR
M.
Mahrous
4
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Potential Loss in Soybean Yield Due to Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne Arenaria in Sandy Soil
During 2015 summer season, relationship between the root-knot nematodedamage (root galling) and growth and yield of soybean was studied in a field ofsandy soil naturally infected with Meloidogyne arenaria for showing the effect ofnematode infection on soybean yield. At soybean harvest, about 100 plants wererandomly selected for assaying their root galling (damage) and yield. Top shootweight and seed yield were negatively correlated with nematode damage with highlycorrelation coefficient (r) – 0.97 in case of shoot weight and-0.96 in case of seedyield. Observed loss in the top shoot weight was 36.47% and was 44.7% in seedyield at severely damage (GI-5). While the expected loss was 38.7% and 46.5% forshoot and seed yield, respectively.
https://ejaj.journals.ekb.eg/article_53868_6ea8a1d9b1a732b3ba6d8837d3e9b544.pdf
2018-01-01
43
50
10.21608/ejaj.2018.53868
Soybean
root-knot nematodes damage
yield loss
A.
Korayem
1
Plant Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Mohamed
2
Plant Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Description and Identification of Four Species of Plant-parasitic Nematodes Associated with Forage Legumes
Four species of plant parasitic nematodes were present in soil samples planted with forage legumes at Alachua County, Florida, USA. The detected species Belonolaimus longicaudatus, Criconemella ornate, Hoplolaimus galeatus, and Paratrichodorus minor were described in the present study. They belong to orders Rhabditida (Belonolaimus longicaudatus, Criconemella ornate, and Hoplolaimus galeatus) and Triplonchida (Paratrichodorus minor) and to taxonomical families Dolichodoridae (Belonolaimus longicaudatus), Hoplolaimidae (Hoplolaimus galeatus) Criconematidae (Criconemella ornate), and Trichodoridae (Paratrichodorus minor). The identification of the present specimens was based on the classical taxonomy, following morphological and morphometrical characters in the species specific identification keys
https://ejaj.journals.ekb.eg/article_55728_855f2a4f06b08655c8d51ac5b5d68ff0.pdf
2018-01-01
51
64
10.21608/ejaj.2018.55728
Belonolaimus longicaudatus
Criconemella ornate
Hoplolaimus galeatus
Paratrichodorus minor
Morphology
species description
Mahfouz
Abdel Gawad
mahfouzian2000@yahoo.com
1
Plant Pathology Department, National Research Centre.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed
Eissa
2
Plant Pathology Department, National Research Centre
AUTHOR
Abd-Elmoneim
El-Gindi
3
Department of Agricultural Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Cairo, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Grover
Smart
4
Department of Entomology and Nematology, IFAS, University of Florida, USA.
AUTHOR
Ahmed
El- bahrawy
5
Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Council of Research, Bari, Italy.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Identification of Five Phytonematode Species Associated with Forage Legumes
Five species of plant parasitic nematodes were present in soil samples planted with forage legumes at Florida, USA. The found species Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita, M. javanica, Pratylenchus brachyurus and Tylenchorhynchus martini were depicted in this study. These species belong to order Rhabditida and to taxonomical families Hoplolaimidae (subfamily Meloidogyninae: Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita and M. javanica), Pratylenchidae (Pratylenchus brachyurus) and Dolichodoridae (Tylenchorhynchus martini). The identification of the processed specimens was based on the classical taxonomy, following perineal pattern characters for species of Meloidogyne as well as morphological and morphometrical characters in the species specific identification keys for Pratylenchus brachyurus and Tylenchorhynchus martin
https://ejaj.journals.ekb.eg/article_56067_1692a2c0db79fc8821bb694f58d4cce4.pdf
2018-01-01
65
75
10.21608/ejaj.2018.56067
Meloidogyne arenairia
M. incognita
M. javanica
Pratylenchus brachyurus
Tylenchorhynchus martini
Morphology
species description
Mahfouz
Abd-Elgawad
mahfouzian2000@yahoo.com
1
Plant Pathology Department, National Research Centre
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed
Eissa
2
Plant Pathology Department, National Research Centre.
AUTHOR
Abd-Elmoneim
El-Gindi
3
Department of Agricultural Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, University ofCairo, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Grover
Smart
4
Department of Entomology and Nematology, IFAS, University of Florida, USA.
AUTHOR
Ahmed
El-bahrawy
5
Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Council of Research, Bari, Italy
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparative Efficacy of Biotic and Abiotic Agro-Commercial Products Against Rotylenchulus reniformis Under Field Conditions
In a field experiment, twelve commercial agro-products were applied as soildrench and 14 as foliar spray as recommended method of application and dose.The results indicated that Biofertile product was the best which had the highestsuppressive effects followed by Algeferet and Perfect applied as a soil drenchcompared to nematode check. The most effective one of products applied as a foliarspray was Indole buteric acid then Feedchem and Amino strong with no significantdifferences. The experiments indicated that the SAR commercial materials(Nemakill, Indole-3 butyric acid, Gibirilic acid, Indole-acetic acid, Salicylic acid, Citricacid and Glutamic acid) applied as foliar spray reduced nematode counts andreproduction under all conditions. The Mega NPK recorded the best improvement inplant fresh and dry weights and yield criteria. Our results concerning plant growthand yield were highly significant in foliar application treatments more than soilapplication and the compounds used to induce systemic acquired resistanceexhibited more enhancements in plant growth criteria and yield.
https://ejaj.journals.ekb.eg/article_56124_c461022503b5d4abea2587fbec2c3af3.pdf
2018-01-01
77
93
10.21608/ejaj.2018.56124
R. reniformis
Cowpea
commercial products
A.
Farahat
1
Department of Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt
AUTHOR
A.
Al-Sayed
2
Department of Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt
AUTHOR
M.
Adam
3
Department of Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt
AUTHOR
Shaimaa
Diab
4
Department of Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Water Extracts of some Aromatic and Medicinal Plants on Mortality and Egg Hatching of Root- knot Nematode, Meloidogyne Incognita in Vitro studies
Water extracts of the ten aromatic and medicinal plant namely, Camphor(Eucalyptus globulus), Camphor Lemon (E. citriodora), Demssisa (Ambrosiamaritime), Lemon grass (Cymbopgon citratus), Marjoram (Origamum majorana),Neem (Azadrachta indica), Rosemary (Rosmarimus officinallis) and Thyme(Thymus vulgaris) as leaves, Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) and Daisy(Calendula officinalis) as leaves and flowers with different concentrations (5, 10 &15%) of different plants were assessed in vitro against egg hatching and juveniles(J2s) mortality of root- knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita in different durations.Results indicated that eggs inhibition and J2s mortality increased with an increasein the concentration of all the extracts. Similarly, with an increase in exposure time,J2s mortality was also increased. Water extracts of all plants showed nematicidaleffect against M. incognita at varying degree. Based on these finding, these plantextracts at the highest concentration (15%) were divided into 4 main groups i.e.highly toxic ( 85% mortality or inhibition), consisting of Demssisa, Camphor Lemonand Thyme, toxic (70 - < 85%) consisting of Daisy and Marjoram, moderately andlowly toxic groups, consisting of the test plant extracts tested. This finding isimportant from the point of view of controlling root- knot nematodes without the useof chemical nematicides in view of environmental pollution likely to cause. The useof these plant extracts may be one of the efficient alternatives and cheep methodsof nematode control, that are sale to farmers and inurnment. These may bereplacement to the synthetic dangerous and expensive chemical nematicides infuture.
https://ejaj.journals.ekb.eg/article_56128_fe1751180aebbc62f4924f09a0f64ffb.pdf
2018-01-01
95
108
10.21608/ejaj.2018.56128
Aromatic plant
Medicinal plant
in vitro test
Meloidogyne incognita
Water Extract
eggs hatching
sugarbeet
M.
Maareg
1
Department of Plant Protection, Sugar Crops, Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
A.
El-Gindi
2
Department of Agriculture Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mona
El-Shalaby
3
Department of Agriculture Zoology and Nematology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Abeer
Yassin
4
Department of Plant Protection, Sugar Crops, Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR